Crypto assets in insolvency and seizures
I locate a debtor's crypto assets, follow asset outflows on the blockchain and value them at the relevant date, in a report for the insolvency administrator, the creditor or the court.
Member of AEPEJU (no. 1556). Barcelona and across Spain.
Signs of crypto assets in the accounts and at the bank
Crypto almost always enters or leaves through a bank, and that leaves a trail.
- Transfers to crypto trading platforms.
- Accounting entries for digital assets or vaguely described investments.
- Payments to or from customers and suppliers in crypto.
- Devices and emails of the company or its directors.
- The Spanish return for crypto held abroad (form 721).
Tracing asset outflows
If the debtor moved funds into crypto before the insolvency or the seizure, the blockchain keeps the record.
I follow the money from the bank account to the exchange and, if it left there, along the chain as far as possible. The result is a map of addresses and platforms with dates and amounts, useful to assess whether assets were concealed. That classification is for the judge; I provide the facts.
Valuation at the date of insolvency or seizure
I value each crypto asset at the date that matters in the proceedings, with the price source documented.
Volatility means the date changes the result a great deal. That is why I make the method clear, so the figure can be defended against other creditors or the debtor.
Custodial exchange or self-custody
What is held at an exchange can be frozen with a court order; what is in a self-custody wallet only moves if the debtor hands over the key.
In civil enforcement, article 590 of the Spanish Civil Procedure Act (LEC) allows the court to address entities and persons holding information on the debtor's assets, and article 727 provides for a preventive attachment as an interim measure. Which measure to request is for the lawyer or the insolvency administrator; the report tells them where each asset is and what it is worth.
What you receive
A signed expert report, designed to be added to the inventory or the enforcement proceedings.
- A list of exchange accounts and addresses linked to the debtor, with their degree of certainty.
- Relevant movements with dates, amounts and verifiable hashes.
- A valuation of each crypto asset at the date of the proceedings.
- Methodology and price sources documented so that another expert can review them.
Who I work for
For anyone who needs to know which crypto assets exist and what they are worth, with a report that holds up in the proceedings.
- Insolvency administrators who must inventory digital assets.
- Creditors and their lawyers in enforcement and seizures.
- Courts appointing an expert.
- Companies wishing to document their own crypto assets ahead of insolvency.
Frequently asked questions
Common questions about this kind of report.
Can crypto be seized in Spain?
Yes, like any other asset with economic value. In practice it is much easier if it is held at an exchange that can freeze it than in a self-custody wallet.
What if the debtor does not hand over the wallet key?
The funds cannot be moved without it. The report records their existence and value, and the court assesses the consequences of not handing it over.
Do the Spanish tax authorities know what crypto someone holds?
Partly. Providers operating in Spain report balances and transactions, and anyone holding more than 50,000 euros in crypto with custodians abroad must declare it on form 721; self-custody wallets fall outside those returns.
How is it valued in the inventory?
At the market price on the date set by the proceedings, with the source and method documented in the report.
Can you review the crypto inventory submitted by the debtor?
Yes. I check on the chain and in the documents whether the declared addresses, balances and valuations are complete and consistent.
Do you accept court appointments?
Yes. I accept court appointments as well as instructions from parties.
How long does the report take?
About seven days for standard cases. If there are many accounts, several chains or a large volume of movements, I state it in the quote before starting.
Tell me about your case
Free 30-minute consultation and a free quote within 24 working hours.